Many of the land- and water-use decisions that affect vulnerability to drought happen at the local level. However, state and federal governments can provide resources and incentives that lead to more proactive drought planning.

The National Drought Policy Commission issued its final report in 2000. The Commission was composed of 15 members, representing of all levels of government and other drought-affected groups, and was charged by Congress to provide advice and recommendations on the creation of a coordinated Federal policy designed to prepare for and respond to serious drought emergencies.

The Western Governors' Association is a leader in calling for integrated drought monitoring and planning. Many of its past initiatives are detailed on its Drought Initiatives page.

In September 2006, the Geological Society of America's annual meeting focused on the nation's preparedness for drought. Based on the information gathered, the GSA presented policy recommendations to Congress in July 2007 as a fact sheet and full report, " Managing Drought: A Roadmap for Change in the United States," both on the GSA web site.